If you are self-employed or have a company in Spain, complying with the Tax Agency is one of the most important tasks. A large part of this obligation is summarized in the quarterly filing of a series of tax forms. To keep you from getting lost, here is a straightforward and practical guide to the main quarterly taxes.
Forms for the Quarterly VAT Retur
- Form 303
Its purpose is to declare the input and output VAT during the quarter, allowing the Tax Agency to calculate the amount to be paid or refunded. It involves a quarterly VAT payment, by which the difference between the output VAT on sales invoices and the input VAT on expense invoices is paid to the Tax Agency. This form must be filed by any professional or business owner who carries out an activity subject to VAT, regardless of the result of the filing.
The submission deadlines are from the 1st to the 20th of the month following the settlement period (April, July, and October), while the self-assessment for the fourth quarter is filed from the 1st to the 30th of January.
Forms for Declaring Your Earnings (IRPF)
These forms are used by self-employed individuals to declare their business income and pay in advance a portion of the Personal Income Tax (IRPF).
- Form 130
It is for self-employed individuals who are under the direct estimation tax regime. The actual income and expenses from your business are declared. With that information, a fractional payment of 20% is calculated on the accumulated profits.
Its filing must be completed from the 1st to the 20th of April, July, and October, and from the 1st to the 30th of January of the following year.
- Form 131
This form is the equivalent for self-employed individuals who pay taxes under the objective estimation regime (or “modules”). In this case, the payment is calculated based on a set of indexes determined by the Tax Agency, without declaring real income and expenses.
This form must be submitted between the 1st and the 20th, inclusive, of April, July, and October, and from the 1st to the 30th of January of the following year.
Forms for IRPF withholdings
These forms are used to declare the money you have withheld from someone else in order to deposit it with the Tax Agency.
- Form 111
If you have withheld IRPF from your employees’ payrolls or from invoices of other professionals (such as your advisor or lawyer), you must declare them with this form. The purpose is to inform the Tax Agency about that money you have paid on behalf of another person, so that it can be deducted from their annual tax return.
The filing deadlines are from the 1st to the 20th of April, July, October, and January of the following year.
- Form 115
This form is specifically for rental withholdings. If you pay the rent for a premises or office for your business, you are required to withhold a percentage of the amount and declare it to the Tax Agency through this form. This way, the Tax Agency receives an advance payment of the IRPF (if the owner is an individual) or of Corporate Tax (if it’s a company) from the landlord.
The form is filed between the 1st and the 20th, inclusive, of April, July, October, and January of the following year.
Other Declaration Forms
These forms are relevant for more specific situations, such as transactions with the European Union or the payment of corporate taxes.
- Form 349
If your company or business buys or sells goods and services to other European Union countries, you must file this form to report those intra-community transactions.
The filing deadlines are from the 1st to the 20th of April, July, and October, and from the 1st to the 30th of January of the following year.
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Form 202
If you have a company (a corporation), this form allows you to pay in advance a portion of the Corporate Tax based on the profits you have earned during the quarter. Its filing is mandatory for entities with a turnover exceeding 6 million euros, or for those that do not reach that amount but did have a positive result the previous year.
The filing of this form is carried out during the first 20 calendar days of April, October, and December of each year.
Practical Tips
To comply with your tax obligations, keep these tips in mind:
- Keep track of income and expenses: A detailed record of invoices issued and received will allow you to accurately calculate the amounts to be declared.
- Mark the dates on your calendar: Quarterly forms are generally filed in the first 20 days of April, July, October, and January. Marking these dates prevents delays and possible penalties.
Effective tax management not only involves complying with obligations but also making the most of deductions and benefits. Having the help of an expert consultancy like Consultinfo will allow you to avoid errors and possible penalties, optimizing your business’s tax management.
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